Crushing-machine



(No Model.)

T. L. 8v T. J. STURTEVANT.

CRUSHING MACHINE.

No. 588,618. Patented Aug. 24,1897.

| l T l l l II l l llll WWA/5.5555- UNITED STATES e EErcE.

PATENT THOMAS L. STURTEVANT, OF QUINOYK, ANDA THOMAS J. STURTEVANT, OF

- l FRAMINGHAM, MASSACHUSETTS.

CRU.sHlraG-MAczH'lnlli.`

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 588,618dated August 24,A 1897. Application filed October 19, 1896. Serial No. 609,358. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern,.-

Be it known that we, THOMAS L. STURTE- VANT, residing at Quincy, in the county vof Norfolk, and THOMAS J. STURTEVANT, residing at Framingham, in the county of Middlesex, State of Massachusetts, citizens of the United States, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Orushing-ll/Iachines;

and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to a machine or apparatus for crushing rocks, ores, phosphates, or similar materials; and the invention has for its obj ect to provide a machine which will embody the features of a jawcrusher together with the advantages of a pulverizer or roller-crusher employing a pair of rolls for ne work. The machine is thereby adapted to have coarse broken material fed to it and to reduce the same to a finely-crushed product, thereby combining in one machine the advantages of a breaker and pulverizer.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of a crushing-machine embodying our invention. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same. Fig. 3 is a front 1 view, and Fig. 4 a sectional view, ofthe part forming the stationary jaw of the crusher.

In the machine herein shown, 2 denotes a suitable frame or casing adapted to support the operative parts of the machine, said casing, as herein shown, having end abutments 2 23, which are joined by longitudinal tie-rods 3l 3 to oppose the thrust of the operating crushing-jaws. These jaws consist of the fixed jaw 4. and the movable or active jaw 5. The fixed jaw is preferably a steel casting the upper part of the face of which may be corrugated or serrated, while the lower portion thereof is preferably a smooth concave surface 7. This fixed jaw is adjustable to compensate for wear by means of the shims 8, placed behind it, and any desired number of which may be employed, and the concave portion 7 is preferably an arc of a circle the .or frame of the machine.

center of which is at the center of the pivot or axle bolt 9, on which the toggle-lever 10 is supported in the end abutment 23 of the bed This toggle-lever is preferred to a simple toggle, as it greatly increases the power of the machine and has its free end joined with an eccentric upon the main shaft 13 by means of the connection 12. .The active jaw consists of a U-shaped casting having a jaw-surface which is preferably corrugated or serrated at its upper portion 6', while its lower port'ion 7 is made convex and is preferably au arc of a circle the center of which is at the center of the pivot-bolt 14, by which the rearwardly-extending wings or side portions 18 of .the said. movable jaw are pivoted to the toggle-lever 10. Thus it will be seen that the said movable jaW 5, in connection with the rear portion of the toggle-lever 10, forms a toggle, while by joining the forward portion of said toggle-lever with the operating crank or eccentric on the shaft 13 the power or purchase of the crushing-jaw is greatly increased over what would result from an' ordinary toggle. The forward portion of the movable jaw 5 is guided and supported by links, which are jointed at 16 to the abutment 2 and at 1G' to the movable jaw 5.

In order to retain the material between the faces of the jaws and prevent endwise escape of the same, side plates 17 are affixed to the abutment 2', as shown more clearly in Fig. 2. In the operation of the machine the togglelever 10 is preferably thrust upward in opposition to the stress of a spring 19, surrounding a rod pivoted to a depending lug on the said lever. This spring is not absolutely necessary, but is provided for the purpose of preventing pounding when the crusher is run fast. Hence when the connecting-rod 12 lifts the free end of the toggle-lever for an active stroke the spring servesto assist in returning the parts to their first positions, and while gravity might produce the return movements the spring is desirable, for the reasons just stated. Y In the operation of our improved' crusher the lower portion of the crushing-jaws, constructed as above described, operate by a simple roller action-that is to say, the convex IOO surface of the movable jaw has simply a rolling action adjacent to but not in contact with the concave surface of the fixed jaw, but said movable jaw simply rocks a predetermined distance from said fixed jaw, this distance being governed by the adjustment of one jaw relative to the other. Thus when the :machine is in operation the jaws are opened slightly at the tops of the concave and convex or pulverizing portions to admit the material partly crushed or broken by the toothed or serrated portions of the jaws, and as the movable jaw continues its operation the material will be crushed between itself and the fixed jaw and will then be released and dropped out from between the jaws as the lower portions of the latter open slightly and when the upper or crushing portions of the said jaws are caused to approach each other during the lifting or upward movements of the movable jaw. Thus it will be seen that the crushing and pulverizing action of the lower parts of the jaws results from what may be termed a roller movement, the upper portions of the jaws acting as ordinary crushing-jaws and the lower portions thereof acting to granulate, pulverize, or further reduce the crushed material by means of roller action. XVe are therefore enabled to feed coarse broken material to the upper portions of the jaws, and as this material is gradually reduced by the crushing action of said upper portions and .feeds between the lower or pulverizing portions of the jaws it is reduced to any desired degree of iineness, which may result from any desired adjustment of the jaws, it being understood that during the operation of the machine the working surfaces of the jaws are merely adjacent to each other, but are never in actual contact, so that while the material may, if desired, be pulverized it may also be simply crushed to any desired degree of fineness.

In the construction of our machine the stationary jaw is preferably of the form shown in Figs. 3 and Il-that is, the active crushingsurface of the jaw increases in area from the point of feed to the point of discharge. Thus when the material is first entered between the jaws it is in large masses and occupies less space than it does as it becomes more crushed, and as the jaws approach each other more closely the crushing-surface is preferably increased in area, as more clearly shown in Fig. 3.

Having thus described our invention, we claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. A crusher comprising the combination with afixed jaw, of an active rocker-jaw, a toggle-lever, and means for operating said lever, a portion of the face of the said fixed jaw being formed concave in the arc of a circle of which the fulcrum of the said toggle-lever is the center.

2. In a crushing-machine, the combination with a movable and a fixed jaw havingdiverging toothed or ronghened upper portions to form a hopper to receive coarse material, and adj acentlower portions, the lower portion of said fixed jaw being formed concave in the arc of a circle of a given radius and the lower portion of said movable jaw being formed convex in the arc of a circle of a smaller radius than the circle to which the concave part of said fixed jaw corresponds, and operating mechanism for the said movable jaw to cause the convex portion thereof to have a rolling action relative to the concave portion of said fixed jaw.

3. In a crushingunachine, the combination with a movable and a fixed jaw, which jaws have diverging toothed or roughened upper portions to form a hopper to receive the coarse material, and adjacent lower portions, the lower portion of one jaw being formed concave and the lower portion of the other of said jaws being formed convex, and operating mechanism for the said movable jaw, said operating mechanism comprising a toggle-le ver to the middle portion ol' which the said movable jaw is pivoted and an operating device connected with the forward or free end of said lever between the point of connection of said jaw with said lever and the working or active portion of said jaw.

l. In a crushing-machine, the combination with fixed and movable jaws, said fixed jaw having the lower portion of its face concave and said movable jaw having the lower portion of the face convex, combined with a toggie-lever for operating said movable jaw, the fulcrum of said lever being the center of a circle of which the concave surface of said fixed jaw is an are, and the pivotal connection of said lever with said movable jaw being the center of a circle of which the convex surface of said movable jaw is an arc.

5. In a crushing-machine, the combination with a movable and a fixed jaw having diverging toothed or roughened upper portions, to form a hopper to receive coarse material, and adjacent lower portions, the lower portion of said fixed jaw being formed concave in the arc of a circle of a given radius and the lower portion of said movable jaw being formed convex in the arc of a circle of a smaller radius than the circle to which the concave part of said fixed jaw corresponds, a toggle-lever pivotally connected between its ends to an arm or rearward extension of said movable jaw, and an operating device connected with the free end of said toggle-lever to cause the convex portion of said movable jaw to have a rolling movement relative to the concave portion of said fixed jaw.

G. In a crushing-machine, the combination with a fixed jaw having a portion of its crushing-surface concave, of a movable jaw having a portion of its crushing-surface convex, a toggle-lever connected with said movable jaw, a guide-link securing said movable jaw to the framework of the machine, and an operating mechanism for said toggle-lever, said lever and link forcing said movable jaw to move in IIO IZO

a predetermined manner relative to said xed jaw, the fixed pivotal connection of said toggle-lever being the center of the circle from which the arc of the concave surface of said fixed jaw is struck.

7. In a crushing-machine, the combination with a xed jaw and a movable jaw, of a toggle-lever to which said movable jaw is pivoted between the fulcriim ofsaid'lever and the working face lof said movable jaw, and an operating device connected to said toggle-lever between the pivotal connection of the latter with the said movable jaw and the working face of the said movable jaw.

8. In a crushing-machine, the combination with a xed jaw and a movable jaw, of a toggle-lever to which said movable j aw is pivoted between the fulcrnm of said lever and the working face of said movable jaw, an operating device connected to said toggle-lever between the pivotal connection of the latter with the said movable jaw and the working face of the said movable jaw, and guide-links joining the forward part of said movable jaw with the framework of the machine and thereby serving to support and guide the forward end of said jaw.

9. In a crushing-machine, the combination with a iiXed jaw and a'movable jaw, of a toggle-lever to which said movable j awis pivoted between the fulcrnm of said lever and the working face of said movable jaw, an operating device connected with the free end of said Y toggle-lever and guide-links joining the said movable jaw with the framework of the machine, and therebjT serving to support and guide said jaw.

10. In a crushing-machine, the combination with the Xed jaw and a movable jaw, of a toggle-lever to the central portion of which the said movable jaw is pivotally connected, and to the free end of which the, operating device'for said lever is joined, and a spring for assisting in the downward or return movements of the said toggle-lever.

11. In a crushing-machine, the combination with the frame or base-plate 2, having the end portions or abutments 2', 23, of the tierods 3, 3, joining said end portions or abutments, the fixed jaw supported upon the end portion or abutment 2', the toggle-lever l0 pivoted to said end portion or abutment 23, the movable jaw 5 pivotally connected with the said toggle-lever between the ends of the latter, and an operating device for said toggle-lever joined to the forward orfree end thereof.

12. The combination with the base-plate or frame 2 having the end portions or abutments 2', 28, the former being provided with the side plates 17, of the fixed and movable jaws between the said side plates and means for operating said movable jaw, said operating means consisting of the toggle-lever l0' to the central portion of which said movable jaw is jointed and an operating device for said toggle-lever joined to the forward or free end thereof.

.In testimony whereof we affix our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

THOS. L. STURTEVANT. THOMAS J. `STURTEVANT Witnesses:

H. E. LODGE, WILLIAM FOSTER. 

